<bron16.htm>>    
[Bronze Age Text]
 
 
| (CLICK to Enlarge)            
  More skits of athletic competition at the Thorri festival are shown in
  the great inscription at Fossum, Bohuslän, Sweden.  The apparently incongruous ships here serve as phonetic punning
  hieroglyphs (isophones), giving words whose sound approximates that of the
  object depicted.              
  The upper inscriptions may be read as M-N SKUTA W-L = Old Norse menn skjöda villi = "men shooting wild deer."  The skiff is called skuta in Old Norse, which is close to the sound of the verb
  "shoot."
  The antlers of the deer evidently contain a cryptic ogam text, as yet
  unresolved.              
  In the lower inscription a large ship appears, and the key isophones
  here are skuta, in this case
  meaning "stern," and fram,
  meaning, "bow."  But skuta 
  fram approximates the sound of skjöda
  fram = "to shoot the farthest."  Therefore,
  the text reads in Old Norse skjoda fram
  ad targinn = "shooting the farthest
  at the target."  The target is a large, round shied held by
  the partner, whose accouterments form the letters required, as shown.  This sport seems to have been rendered
  harmless by removing the head from the arrow or by enclosing the head in
  wrapping. (Fell 1982).   |